Depression in children
Depression in children
General
All children occasionally have a bad day or are sad. However when these feelings persist and begin to be present in the everyday life of the child, their cause could be clinical depression. This condition, called severe depression is a mental health problem that affects people of all ages, including children. The cause of depression affects more and more, currently one of 33 children and one in eight teenagers have to deal with this health problem.
Depression may create difficulties in relationships with family, friends, can lead to social isolation, difficult behavior, decreased school performance, disinterest in things that until now were perhaps very pleasant for him. Depression in children is associated with an increased risk of suicide, because most children and teens who have resorted to taking life and to have a mental health disorder such as depression.
The risk is highest among adolescents, especially boys being accompanied by conduct disorder, alcohol or the abuse of banned substances. Associated with them, depressive disorders confer an increased risk of disease and difficult social relationships that persist for a long time after the depressive episode.
Once a young person presented a depressive episode, he / she has all the chances to regain the past five years, a depressive episode.
Children who have 'experience' in depressive episodes were five times more likely than an adult to have depression.
Causes
There is one thing that causes depression. Children who develop depression may have a family history of the disorder. Family history, stressful life events, such as loss of a parent, parental divorce, discrimination, and other physical and mental problems are factors that contribute to the onset disorders.
Children who have been subjected to abuse, were neglizati have suffered various injuries or have a chronic disease have an increased risk to manifest in depression. Depression in children often occurs along the other mental health problems such as anxiety, bipolar disorder or disruptive behavior disorders.
Rick factors
Risk factors in the development of depression are: stress, smoking, loss of a parent, boyfriend or a loved one, breaking a romantic relationships, behavioral problems, learning or attention, chronic diseases, eg diabetes, cases of abuse or neglect other trauma in which natural disasters are also included.
Symptoms
Symptoms of depression in children and teens are generally the same as adults. However, the recognition and diagnosis can be difficult to put the young for several reasons. The way symptoms are expressed varies depending on the stage of child development. In addition, children and adolescents with depression may have difficulty identifying their own emotions. For example, in place to communicate, to express, to confess how bad they feel, they may act irritable and may behave towards those around them, sometimes manifested by disobedience or committing certain crimes.
Some of the symptoms of major depressive disorder include: persistent sadness, lack of enthusiasm, pronounced irritability, loss of interest in formerly pleasurable activities some significant changes in appetite and body weight, lack of sleep or drowsiness, agitation, a heavier body posture , loss of energy, difficulty concentrating, feelings of guilt, of discontent.
Five or more of these symptoms must persist for two or more weeks to be given a diagnosis of major depression.
Symptoms may be associated with depression in children include frequent vague, non-natural headache, muscle contractions, and contacts stomach pain, fatigue.
This school absences or raising them to an exceedingly high number, low school performance, trying to run away from home, izbugniri frequent crying, irritability, boredom, accentuated and persistent loss of interest in playing with friends, drinking alcohol or prohibited substances, social isolation, failure, fear of death, extreme sensitivity to rejection and failure, increased irritability, excessive anger, reckless behavior, difficulty in relationships.
Many young people with depression get to consume alcohol and drugs abuse as a way of retreat, isolation of the real world. Any child who comes to drugs is prone to depression. It is essential that when depression is associated with the consumption of drugs or alcohol, to treat both mental illness and addiction, both at the same time.
Treatment
Depression is a mental disorder can be treated. Early identification and treatment help children reach their full potential. The evaluation includes psychological and medical tests are performed to remove any questions about symptoms of the child.
Treatment of depressive disorders in children and adolescents often involves short-term psychotherapy, medication, or both associated.
1. Psychotherapy
Recent studies show that use of psychotherapy can help relieve children and teenagers in 65% of cases. It was also shown that interpersonal therapy is effective in treating depression. Continuing psychotherapy for several months after symptoms can help both patients and family members to realize what they have learned during the acute phase of depression, recognize and understand the stressors and environmental factors that might lead to thoughts of a relapse.
2. Medication
We know very well that antidepressant medication, especially associated with psychotherapy, can give very good results in treating depression in adults but on children and adolescents have been frequent controversy on the use of antidepressants to them. Currently, the only accepted treatment of depression in children is paroxetine.
It is important to keep in mind that the studies do not support the use of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of depression in general tineret.In, drugs should be considered as a first - line course of treatment for children and adolescents with severe symptoms, those with psychosis, depressive episodes, the not "subject" of psychotherapy or those who would not be enough just psychotherapy.
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