Treatments For Scabies And Head Lice
Treatments For Scabies And Head Lice
Scabies and head lice are diseases often associated with poverty and poor hygiene, and this is why both still remain taboo. However, both conditions are not synonymous with a lack of hygiene. But while we now have new treatments that help us get rid of scabies, head lice are becoming increasingly resistant to current treatments.
Treatments for scabies
The disease is transmitted by mites, tiny insects. Scabies has nothing to do with hygiene. Two forms of the disease exist: a common form that is not very contagious, and another one which is very contagious. In this case, the treatment of the disease must be extended to all persons who have been in contact with the patient, otherwise a re-infestation can occur.
The treatment of scabies relies on the application of various washes, sprays or creams on the body. The active ingredients of these treatments are permethrin or lindane. With mixed results, these products have the disadvantage of being irritating to the skin often inflamed by the "scratching" due to severe itching, and they also have various side-effects from benign to severe.
In 2002, French dermatologists have found a new treatment of scabies: ivermectin. This oral treatment is one of the greatest advances in dermatology. Used in veterinary medicine against different pests, this compound has mainly be used to treat onchocerciasis or "river blindness" for several years. And it is the anecdotal observation of healing of human scabies in patients treated for onchocerciasis that has led scientists to test this new treatment.
Ivermectin is available in France, but in the United States it has not been approved by the FDA for use on scabies. However, it has been shown to be effective. The drawback seems to be that ivermectin has a greater risk of toxic side effects than permethrin. It is typically used only when topical medications have failed or when the patient cannot tolerate them.
Head lice are resisting
Dreaded by most parents and teachers, head lice are coming back at the beginning of each new school year. Although many treatments exist, scholars have noted the emergence of resistance of head lice to products that contain permethrin, pyrethrin or malathion. This resistance did not happen overnight, and as early as 1994 it has been demonstrated in France by a team of scientists of the Pitie-Salpetriere hospital. And this resistance of head lice to chemical products has continued to spread and increase. A study in Britain shows that lice are now resistant to two reference products that are derivatives of pyrethrum and malathion.
There are now recommendations to avoid increasing the resistance of head lice even more. Among the recommendations of experts, pharmacists are encouraged not to give twice the same product to the same person: if there is resistance to the first treatment, it must be changed. Sales of lice shampoos can also be limited if they participate in the dissemination of resistance.
With the emergence of such resistance, the American experts consider the combination of antibiotics, whose side effects are important, and which might actually not be effective, as head lice is not a bacterial infection.
In France and other European countries an increasingly popular treatment, yet not well known, is dimethicone. It has proven in a British study to be effective against lice, and the main benefit of this head lice treatment is its safety for humans, as it is not toxic, not carcinogenic, and has no side-effects.
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