Karyotyping Treatment India,Cost Karyotyping Mumbai India,Karyotyping

Karyotyping Treatment India,Cost Karyotyping Mumbai India

,Karyotyping

Karyotyping

A karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryote cell.p28 The term is also used for the complete set of chromosomes in a species, or an individual organism.

Karyotypes describe the number of chromosomes, and what they look like under a light microscope. Attention is paid to their length, the position of the centromeres, any differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics.The preparation and study of karyotypes is part of cytogenetics.

Karyogram of human male using Giemsa staining.

The study of whole sets of chromosomes is sometimes known as karyology. The chromosomes are depicted (by rearranging a microphotograph) in a standard format known as a karyogram or idiogram: in pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size.

The basic number of chromosomes in the somatic cells of an individual or a species is called the somatic number and is designated 2n. Thus, in humans 2n = 46. In the germ-line (the sex cells) the chromosome number is n (humans: n = 23).p28

So, in normal diploid organisms, autosomal chromosomes are present in two copies. There may, or may not, be sex chromosomes. Polyploid cells have multiple copies of chromosomes and haploid cells have single copies.

Karyotypes can be used for many purposes; such as, to study chromosomal aberrations, cellular function, taxonomic relationships, and to gather information about past evolutionary events.

This test can : -

Count the number of chromosomes

Look for structural changes in chromosomes

How the Test is Performed ?

The test can be performed on almost any tissue, including : -

Amniotic fluid

Blood

Bone marrow

Tissue from the organ that develops during pregnancy to feed a growing baby (placenta)

To test amniotic fluid, an amniocentesisamniocentesis is done.

A bone marrow specimen requires a bone marrow biopsybone marrow biopsy.

The sample is placed into a special dish and allowed to grow in the laboratory. Cells are later taken from the growing sample and stained. The laboratory specialist uses a microscope to examine the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in the cell sample. The stained sample is photographed to provide a karyotype, which shows the arrangement of the chromosomes.

Certain abnormalities can be identified through the number or arrangement of the chromosomes. Chromosomes contain thousands of genes that are stored in DNA, the basic genetic material.

Normal Results

Females : - 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes (XX), written as 46, XX

Males : - 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes (XY), written as 46, XY

What Abnormal Results Mean ?

Abnormal results may be due to a genetic syndrome or condition, such as : -

Down syndrome

Klinefelter syndromeKlinefelter syndrome

Philadelphia chromosome

Trisomy 18

Turner syndromeTurner syndrome

This list is not all-inclusive.

Additional conditions under which the test may be performed : -

Ambiguous genitaliaAmbiguous genitalia

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) or other leukemias

Developmental delays

Multiple birth defects

Risks

The risks are related to the procedure used to obtain the specimen. See : -

AmniocentesisAmniocentesis

Bone marrow biopsyBone marrow biopsy

Chorionic villus samplingChorionic villus sampling

Venipuncture

Please Log on : http://www.selectsurrogacyindia.com/genetics/karyotyping_india.html

Please Log on : info@selectsurrogacyindia.com

POST COMMENT

Doctor Jeeves -Get Right Treatment On Time Male Impotence Cure and Erectile Dysfunction Treatment Mesothelioma Attorney Can Help You Get Relief Find A Helpful Guide To Various Mesothelioma Treatments Early Diagnosis Of Mesothelioma Is The Key An Insight To Asbestos Lawsuits Surrogacy Treatment India,Cost Surrogacy Treatment India,Delhi Surrogacy Based on the Four Segments and Treatment by Syndrome Surrogacy Facts Treatment India,Cost Surrogacy Facts Treatment Delhi Surrogacy Options India,Cost Surrogacy Options Treatment Delhi India Gestational Surrogacy Treatment India,Cost Gestational Surrogacy Treatment Delhi Multiple Surrogacy Treatment India,Cost Multiple Surrogacy Treatment Delhi Brain Cancer: Diagnosis and Prevention