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The Disturbing Epidemic Of Newborns Addicted To Drugs
Infants being born addicted to drugs and pain killers is an alarmingly increasing epidemic
. As much as 25% of newborns in intensive care units in some areas are reportedly being treated for drug withdrawals.Due to this disturbing increase, The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recently published guidelines for identifying and treating infants born with addictions to pain killers and other drugs. The guidelines are helping physicians and hospitals across the country better respond to this epidemic. The epidemic follows an increase in the use and abuse of opioid pain killers in the U.S., which unfortunately includes pregnant women. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has identified the abuse (non-medical use) of opioid painkillers as an epidemic that has been building in the last five years. Pregnant women who abuse opioid painkillers or use illegal drugs during pregnancy are passing along the addiction and related health risks to their unborn child in the womb. This fetal drug exposure results in many infants being born with drug addictions, which if severe enough can be fatal to the newborn.
Neonatal intensive care units are putting policies in place based on the AAP guidelines to help them screen mothers and children for drug addiction. Testing of the infant can be done using the babys urine and meconium. Infants who exhibit excessive irritability, tremors, vomiting, and shrill crying may be tested for drug withdrawals. If drugs are found in the childs system, the first courses of action recommended by the guidelines are non-pharmaceutical responses. Such treatment may consist of swaddling, soothing rocking treatments, and reducing light and noises that can overstimulate the infant. If these interventions do not provide appropriate support to aid the withdrawal process, pharmaceuticals may be prescribed for the infant. This is usually done if the physician is concerned about fever, weight loss, or seizures in the child.
Any woman who becomes pregnant while addicted to painkillers or other drugs should seek immediate professional treatment under the supervision of an experienced drug and alcohol rehabilitation center. This is crucial, not only for the health of her baby, but for her own health. Drug abuse is damaging to the health of the mother and can cause permanent health problems for her child including birth defects and developmentaland behavioral problems.
Sources
Hudak ML, Tan RC; COMMITTEE ON DRUGS; COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN; American Academy of Pediatrics.Neonatal Drug Withdrawal. Pediatrics. 2012 Feb;129(2):e540-60. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
by: Larry A Burns
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