Tibet : Current Autonomous Region In China
The single administrative entity bearing the official name of "Tibet" (in Tibetan
, Bod, Chinese: pinyin ; Zang) is the current autonomous region of Tibet in China. At its eastern and southern periphery, there are administrative subdivisions built in the Tibetan autonomous border provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Yunnan. On the cultural level, Tibet is the area inhabited by Tibetans Asia (but also by other ethnic groups (Han, Hui, Mongolian, Tu, Qiang).Under the rubric of "historical Tibet," the area claimed by the Tibetan government in exile, is composed of three traditional regions: the Tsang (which most of the land is included in the Tibet Autonomous Region) , Amdo (split between the provinces of Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan) and Kham (whose territory is divided between the provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces and Tibet Autonomous Region).
In the 2000 census, the number of Tibetans in all these regions was 5.02 million, according to the Bureau of Statistics of China , and about 6 million by the Tibetan government in exile in Dharamsala (India) . The Tibet Autonomous Region had 2.2 million inhabitants. Some 150,000 Tibetans now live in exile, mainlya in India, part of which fled Tibet.
The area ranges from Tibet 1,221,600 km2 for the Tibet Autonomous Region (which corresponds roughly to the territory which was de facto independent between the two world wars, but is smaller than the territory administered by the Dalai Lama in Qing Dynasty) to 2.5 million km2 for the "historical Tibet" or "Greater Tibet" . The population of the autonomous region had 2,616,000 inhabitants in 2000 . The historic capital, which traditionally focuses religious and temporal authority of Tibet, Lhasa.
Tibet sees sometimes spelled Tibet, particularly in the stories of the explorer and Orientalist Alexandra David-Neel.Tibetans speak of the three dialects of Tibetan, a language of Tibeto-Burman family, and are mostly Buddhists, practicing Vajrayana Buddhism specifically.
According to Melvyn C. Goldstein, the Tibetan government had lost control of much of Kham and Amdo in the middle of the eighteenth century to the benefit of the Manchu emperors, Tibetan historiography in the West has become customary to distinguish between "political Tibet" that is to say, the territory remained under the control of the Tibetan government until 1951 (the political entity ruled by the Dalai Lama), other regions inhabited by Tibetans. Thus, the diplomat and historian Hugh Richardson, following the work of Sir Charles Bell, differentiated "Tibet policy" of the "ethnographic Tibet" of the former provinces of Kham and Amdo .
The single administrative entity that now bear the name "Tibet" is the current Tibet Autonomous Region .When the People's Republic of China uses the term Tibet, it refers to the Tibet Autonomous Region, with its capital Lhasa, one of the five autonomous regions of the PRC , and it includes most of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh which it claims possession .
For the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland, "Tibet is a region of the People's Republic of China. It has a status of autonomous region of ethnic Tibetans and, administratively, Range province, "and he adds that" as part of a state, Tibet enjoys no sovereignty own under international law .
For the Tibetan government in exile, Tibet refers to a larger region comprising lensemble the former provinces of Ace-Tsang, Kham and Amdo, with the exception of Arunachal Pradesh.
In Chinese, the name is Xizang Autonomous Region . According to some authors, xi means "west" and zang means one of two parties in the region of Tsang, Xizang was used for the first time by Emperor Qianlong in the eighteenth century. For others, including representatives of the Tibetan government in exile, Xizang means "treasure house of the West" or "reservoir of natural resources of the West".
The climate of Tibet is very continental, cold and dry. Paradoxically, the average annual temperature is higher than that of the atmosphere at an altitude equivalent (radiation of the earth). This effect causes major north-south gradient of pressure, and participates actively in the monsoon phenomenon. The changes are fairly abrupt temperature on the Tibetan Plateau. The climate also varies greatly between night and day.
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