What Type Of Specimens Are Stored In A Biobank

A biobank is referred to an installation of sorts for the storage of and collections

of biological material and their pertinent databases of information which are systematized for the purposes of medical research. Examples of biological material are; blood, serum, sperm, DNA samples, tissue samples etc.

Human bodily substance like blood, DNA, cells and tissue are collected as samples from a large number of people to get genetic information related to their medical history, and lifestyle data are stored in this bank. The record is stored in bio bank to see from where the problem actually originates. Bio bank has the collection of both the samples and their data.

Various types of specimen can be found in bio banks, like surgical and transplant tissue, cancer or tumour tissue, cord blood or stem cell bank, blood bank having dried blood spots, body fluids (synovial, urine, sputum, bucaal scrapings and sperm), DNA and RNA bank, and cornea bank.

Information and materials stored in the biobank are always collected for future research. Only projects that investigate the causes of cancer and /or develop improved methods for the detection, diagnosis or treatment of cancer are approved. These biobanks are usually always associated with vast research facilities. The protocols associated with the assimilation, storage and distribution of materials is governed by some of the most stringent rules and laws on the planet.

There are various bodies that are constantly canvasing for donations to these biobanks. Biobanks also approach terminally ill patients and propose that they donate their bodies for research after their demise, in turn looking after the treatment of the patients as a consolation. Most biobanks will also offer other incentives for the patients next of kin, such as token amounts of money. Everything is almost always above the code of ethics and the law.

After the patients demise, the biobank takes possession of the bodies and processes them according to a set series of protocols. Bodies are often reduced to the very basic of components after processing and what are left are usually tissue samples. These tissue samples are associated with the patients entire recorded medical history.

The tissue samples are stored in some of the most sophisticated storage systems known to man. These storage cells are temperature controlled around the clock and monitored by the most stringent computer controlled standards. There are simply no deviations allowed. This enables researchers to virtually continue research from the exact point of the patient's demise.

Tissues from the various parts of the body are stored according to their own unique requirements. Blood has different storage requirements than tissue than serum containing DNA. Sperm requires that it be kept completely frozen and in un-varying conditions. Since the tagging system of these biobanks is so advanced, samples from the same patient are not necessarily stored together. However similar materials are housed in the same proximity.

by: Paul Harrison.

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