Risk for Miscarriage in Middle and Late Pregnancy
Risk for Miscarriage in Middle and Late Pregnancy
A miscarriage or spontaneous abortion is basically the loss of pregnancy which is most probably before 12 weeks. It is observed that majority of the miscarriages take place within the first 12 weeks of the fetal gestation time. There are less than 10% chances that a miscarriage will occur after the 12th week, although this fact does not eliminate the scope of a miscarriage in the second trimester or during later weeks of pregnancy. Miscarriages occurring in the second trimester are rare and much unexpected.
With the 12th week of pregnancy begins the second trimester which continues till the 25th week. The miscarriage occurring within this period is considered as second trimester miscarriage and any kind of loss of pregnancy taking place after he the 25th week is termed as stillbirth.
There are many reasons which can cause miscarriages but the most common among all is the chromosome problems in fetus. Such problems often occur during the first trimester and many a times go unnoticed till the miscarriage occurs in the second trimester of pregnancy. The fetus sometimes may self abort in the first trimester but it may be missed during normal screenings by the doctor. The miscarriage which takes place in the second trimester can have other causes like severe trauma to the abdomen, incompetent cervix which dilates in the second trimester causing the baby to pass through it resulting in miscarriage. Infections in the pelvic cavity or other body parts, heart defects of the fetus, thrombophilia disorders are some other causes which may lead to a miscarriage in the second trimester.
Placenta abruption is a complication when placenta separates itself from the uterus before maturity. The causes of such a complication are smoking by pregnant woman, intake of drugs or alcohol, in case some accident has taken place, aspirin intake and hypertension. Such a complication may become a major cause of miscarriage in case of women who are older in age. Risk of miscarriage is also increased by two important prenatal tests- amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS).
Health problems cause miscarriage in later weeks i.e. after the 12th week and before 24th week of pregnancy. Loss of pregnancy at this stage is known as stillbirth in medical terms. Cases of late miscarriages are very rare can have causes like problems with the uterus like an abnormal size, shape fibroids or cervical weakness, conditions affecting the blood of the mother-to-be like sickle cell anaemia.
Diabetes or thyroid disorder which affects the hormones may cause problems to the pregnant woman. Bacterial infection that may cross the placenta can raise the risk of miscarriage in later weeks. Viral infections such as rubella and others which result in high fever and vaginal infections are a dominant cause leading to miscarriages as they can track up to the uterus.
Apart from the above mentioned causes any serious illness which involves heart and blood circulation or is related to liver or kidneys can be a cause of a late miscarriage.
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