Posttraumatic Stress Differences In Men And Women
Although males experience more traumatic events on average than females
, females are more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is defined as an anxiety disorder triggered by a traumatic event and characterized by symptoms of re-experiencing the trauma, avoidance and numbing, and hyperarousal. Females are more likely to have experienced sexual assault and child sexual abuse, but less likely to have experienced accidents, nonsexual assaults, witness death or injury, disaster, fire, combat, or war. Thus, sexual trauma appears to cause more emotional suffering and is more likely to contribute to PTSD than other types of trauma. Female PTSD is also higher when compared to males for the same type of trauma. Males may not have the same emotional responses to traumatic events. For both men and women, multiple traumas increase risk of PTSD symptoms when confronted with a new trauma; even though the current event may not have caused all of the symptoms. Male symptoms of PTSD may manifest differently. Men are less likely to report anxiety or depression; but more likely to report behavioral (i.e., irritable, angry, and violent) and drug problems.
Internet Addiction
The first residential treatment center for Internet addiction in the United States opened its doors in Seattle. Internet addiction has already been taken seriously in China, South Korea, and Taiwan. Pathological computer use can include obsessive use of video games, texting, Facebook, eBay, Twitter and any other obsessive use of technology. The effects of internet addiction have led to loss of a job or marriage, car accidents while texting, and death, generally stemming from a blood clot associated with being sedentary. Warning signs include preoccupation with thoughts of the Internet; using it longer than intended, and for increasing amounts of time; repeated unsuccessful efforts to control use; jeopardizing relationships, school or work; lying to cover Internet use; using the Internet to escape problems or feelings of depression; and physical changes to weight, headaches or carpal tunnel syndrome. In addition, many of these people have difficulty controlling their impulses to chat online, play games, or watch porn. Internet addicts miss out on real interactions and human development. Their hygiene, home, eating, sleeping, and relationships deteriorate and they do not get enough exercise. It remains a newly researched disorder, compulsive and addictive behaviors have been found to share commonalities that respond to traditional methods used to treat alcohol or drug addictions. Early intervention may prevent serious consequences including other disorders from developing.
by: Keith Valone
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