Your boat has many blocks or pulleys; they're probably hanging from the boom, bolted to the deck, and built into your mast.Blocks come in all different sizes and shapes and must be matched to the task at hand, or they may cause problems.
Because of their many moving parts, they need more attention than pulleys. The manufacturer's literature or the folks at the local marine store can help you pick out a winch (although most keelboats already have plenty) and maintenance supplies. In the following list, we provide the keys to maintaining your winches:
Clean your winch: Take the winch totally apart at least once a year (doing so is sort of like playing with an erector set just don't forget where each piece goes!) and clean all the internal metal parts. A big bucket with an inch or so of gasoline or paint thinner in it and a toothbrush make a great washtub and scrubber. Lay out a huge drop cloth and have plenty of rags for this very messy job.
Keep your winch salt free: Flush it with freshwater after use and make sure that all the drain holes around its base are open so that any rainwater can escape.
Lubricate your winch: Check for any special instructions from the manufacturer. After taking the drum off and setting it aside, inspect and lubricate all the moving parts and bearing surfaces. Pay special attention to the pawls, which allow the winch to spin one way and not the other. The pawls should swing easily with the touch of a finger, with the spring providing sufficient power to return the pawl to the "open" position. If they don't move freely after cleaning and a lube, replace both spring and pawl. Inspect and lubricate your winches at least twice a year (and more if you use the boat frequently).
Don't forget regular visual inspection is important. When sailing, pay attention to how well the winch works, and be especially concerned about any jerking under load or weird noises. Also, when you have the winch apart for lubrication, take a close look at all the internal parts for wear or signs of fatigue.
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