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Lymphedema After Breast Cancer Surgery

Lymphedema

What is lymphedema?

Lymphedema occurs when a clear fluid known as lymphatic fluid builds up in the soft tissues of your body, usually in an arm or leg. The lymphatic system consists of lymph vessels and lymph nodes that run through your body. Lymph vessels collect a fluid that is made up of protein, water, fats, and wastes from the cells of the body. Lymph vessels carry this fluid to your lymph nodes. Lymph nodes filter waste materials and foreign products, and then return the fluid to your blood. If your vessels or nodes become damaged or are missing, the lymph fluid cannot move freely through the system. The fluids can then build up and cause swelling, known as lymphedema, in the affected arms or legs.

Types of Lymphedema

There are two types of lymphedema :

* Inherited lymphedema, sometimes called primary lymphedema, in which you are born lacking lymph vessels and nodes. The swelling usually appears during your adolescence and affects your foot or calf. A rare form of primary lymphedema develops in infancy and is called Milroy's disease;

and

* Acquired lymphedema, sometimes called secondary lymphedema, in which an injury to your lymphatic system causes lymphedema. It is much more common than primary lymphedema.

What are the symptoms?

* Aching, weakness, redness, heaviness, or tightness in one of your limbs,

* Less flexibility in your wrist or ankle and

* Tight-fitting rings or shoes.

* Aching, weakness, redness, heaviness, or tightness in one of your limbs,

* Less flexibility in your wrist or ankle and

* Tight-fitting rings or shoes.

What causes lymphedema?

The most common causes of secondary lymphedema are surgery or radiation treatment for certain types of cancer, such as breast and testicular cancers. Other causes of lymphedema include surgery on the blood vessels in your limbs or other surgical procedures, like liposuction, as well as burns.

How is lymphedema treated?

* Clean your affected limb regularly. Remember to dry it thoroughly and apply lotion

* Wear gloves while gardening and cooking

* If you shave the affected area, use an electric razor

* Don't go barefoot

* Do not cross your legs when you sit and

* Do not carry a handbag with your affected arm

. In addition, if you are at risk for lymphedema, avoid having injections and blood pressure readings performed on your affected limb. You can also wear a special bracelet or necklace to notify medical personnel of your risk for lymphedema and the risk for complications, such as infection.

What is Breast Cancer?

The term breast cancer refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from cells in the breast. The breast is composed of two main types of tissues: glandular tissues and stromal (supporting) tissues. Glandular tissues house the milk-producing glands (lobules) and the ducts (the milk passages) while stromal tissues include fatty and fibrous connective tissues of the breast. The breast is also made up of lymphatic tissue-immune system tissue that removes cellular fluids and waste.

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