Tracking system includes multifarious mechanisms and procedures involved to detect the location of objects or persons on the move or stationary. There are several techniques used for the purpose. In order to operate any of the tracking systems, one needs appropriate hardware backed by software to process data. Data collected by the hardware should be processed into useful and customer friendly information.
Bar coded position which indicates the position of an object as it passes through the vicinity of the bar coded track, is an important technique that forms a part of the tracking system. There is another technique called RFID or radio frequency indicative device which is commonly used in supermarkets, malls, warehouse and industry. This consists of a small device in the form of a tag which can be scanned or read by a scanner. The tag is generally attached to the object put on sale. Indoor cameras connected to central monitor also help in tracking the movement of persons. This personal tracking device is commonly used in school malls and many other sensitive areas where there is a necessity to keep a tab on people.
GPS referred to as the Global Positioning System helps in locating the position of an object or a person with reference to a digital map. GPS has made much headway in the area of fleet management involving a large number of vehicles. One can see the operation of this system everyday where taxi, bus, truck and cab operators utilize this system for reducing and monitoring movement and yet serving more customers at an optimized cost. This is also used by transport and cargo haulage operators who use it to monitor the movement of big truck containers and fleet of ships. Although GPS is a user friendly system it is backed up by a complex technology which involves communication through satellite.
For the purpose of indoor tracking, for anti theft and observing large number of people at the same time mobile based calculator system has some advantages. But the technology may not be independently sufficient as it is a growing field. Mobile based calculator system should be effectively combined with RIFD and RTLS.
In spite of so many technologies being used there is no one technology which suffices the need of all. As the needs and demands are varied, so technology driven tracking system should cater to the field in question.
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