subject: Learn About History Of Qom Before You Travel To Iran [print this page] History of Qom dates back to the 5th millennium BC when many people resided in the city. There are many ancient buildings, relics and texts which indicate the town was a regional one and named Kum. When the Arabs invaded Iran in the 7th century, they renamed this region as Qom. Umar ibn al-Khattab was the caliph during the invasion by the Arabs. Abu Musa Ash'ari also sent his soldiers to help Arabs fight this town in 645 AD. This resulted in a fierce war between the two sides.
The place came into prominence when the Seljuk dynasty ruled here too. When the Mongols entered this region, there was destruction everywhere. When Oljeitu ruled over Iran, the ruling Mongol dynasty called the Ilkhanate converted to Islam. The city then became very popular and underwent a revival.
Popularity of Shia Islam
History of Qom shows that Tamerlane again plundered the city in the 14th century and many people were killed. But when the town again came under the rule of Qara Koyunlu and Aq Koyunlu tribes, followed by the Safavid kings, it again regained its previous glory.
The religious shrine in the place became the major cause of the popularity of Qom. By a quick search on the web, you can learn about this and more before you travel to Iran. Shia Islam received great impetus with the town being a dominant center of theology in 1503.
Many people came on pilgrimage to this place. But when the Afghans again attacked the city, the people went through great difficulties. This was followed by the invasion and consequent battle between Nadir Shah and Afghans who had gone rebellious against central Iranian government ruling from Isfahan. The town also bore the brunt of the conflict between the Zandieh and Qajariyeh households to rule over Iran.
Religious and Military Center
When Agha Mohammad Khan, the founder of Qajar dynasty, came to the throne in 1793, Qom was again re-established. Sultan Fateh Ali Shah repaired many monuments including the sepulcher and Holy Shrine of Hazrat Ma'sume. The city went through prosperous times under the Qajars. Russians entered the country in 1915 and many people shifted from Tehran to this town.
A National Defense Committee was established in Tehran with Qom being the political and military center against the British and Russian invaders. The city was a center of religious learning which you may well know even before you travel to Iran and see it for yourself because the reputation of this town among those who read, watch, etc the media is quite clear.
by: Rahman Mehraby
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